:root {
  --scholar-spacing-xs: 0.25rem;
  --scholar-spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
  --scholar-spacing-md: 1rem;
  --scholar-spacing-lg: 1.5rem;
  --scholar-spacing-xl: 2rem;
  --scholar-primary-color: #1a73e8;
  --scholar-primary-hover: #1557b0;
  --scholar-border-color: #dadce0;
  --scholar-text-color: #202124;
  --scholar-text-secondary: #666;
  --scholar-background-light: #f8f9fa;
}

/* Main layout */
.scholar-profile {
  max-width: 75rem;
  margin: 1.25rem auto;
  padding: 1.25rem;
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 70% 30%;
  gap: 1.875rem;
}

.scholar-main {
  grid-column: 1;
}

.scholar-sidebar {
  grid-column: 2;
}

/* Unified Card Design System */
.scholar-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 0.063rem solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  border-radius: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 0.063rem 0.1875rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}

.scholar-card-header {
  background: var(--scholar-background-light);
  border-bottom: 0.063rem solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.scholar-card-title {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--scholar-text-color);
  margin: 0;
}

.scholar-card-info {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.scholar-card-content {
  padding: 1.25rem;
  background: #fff;
}

/* Profile Info Card */
.scholar-profile-info {
  /* Uses scholar-card classes */
}

.scholar-profile-header {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.scholar-profile-details {
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.scholar-profile-details h1 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
  color: var(--scholar-text-color);
}

.scholar-profile-details .scholar-affiliation {
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

/* Research Interests in Profile Card */
.scholar-profile-interests {
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.scholar-profile-interests h3 {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--scholar-text-color);
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.025rem;
}

/* Avatar styles */
.scholar-avatar {
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.scholar-avatar img {
  width: 9rem;
  height: 9rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* Fields/Interests */
.scholar-fields {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.625rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 0.625rem;
}

.scholar-field {
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
  background: var(--scholar-background-light);
  border-radius: 1rem;
}

.scholar-field:hover {
  background: #e8f0fe;
}

/* Publications Section */
.scholar-publications {
  /* Uses scholar-card classes */
}

/* Publications Table - Updated for card structure */
.scholar-publications-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 0;
  /* Remove margin since it's now in card */
}

.scholar-publications-table th {
  text-align: left;
  padding: 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 0.125rem solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  color: var(--scholar-text-color);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Sortable header styles */
.scholar-publications-table th.sortable {
  cursor: pointer;
  user-select: none;
  position: relative;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.scholar-publications-table th.sortable:hover {
  background-color: var(--scholar-background-light);
}

.scholar-publications-table th.sortable:focus {
  outline: 2px solid var(--scholar-primary-color);
  outline-offset: -2px;
  background-color: var(--scholar-background-light);
}

.scholar-publications-table th.sortable .sort-label {
  display: inline-block;
}

.scholar-publications-table th.sortable .sort-arrow {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  margin-left: 0.25rem;
  min-width: 1rem;
  display: inline-block;
}

.scholar-publications-table th.sorted-asc .sort-arrow,
.scholar-publications-table th.sorted-desc .sort-arrow {
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  font-weight: bold;
}

/* Sorting animation */
.scholar-publications-table.sorting-updated {
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.scholar-publications-table.sorting-updated tbody {
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.scholar-publications-table td {
  font-size: 1rem;
  padding: 1rem 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 0.063rem solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  vertical-align: top;
}

.publication-info {
  width: 70%;
}

.publication-year {
  width: 15%;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.publication-citations {
  width: 15%;
  text-align: center;
}

.publication-citations a {
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.publication-citations a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.scholar-publication-title {
  display: block;
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.scholar-publication-title:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.scholar-publication-authors,
.scholar-publication-venue {
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.813rem;
  margin: 0.125rem 0;
}

/* Pagination Styles */
.scholar-pagination {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0 0;
  /* Only top margin since we're in a card */
}

.scholar-pagination-wrapper {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.scholar-pagination-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  background: white;
  color: var(--scholar-text-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 0.25rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  min-height: 2.25rem;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.scholar-pagination-btn:hover:not(.disabled) {
  background: var(--scholar-background-light);
  border-color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
}

.scholar-pagination-btn:focus:not(.disabled) {
  outline: 2px solid var(--scholar-primary-color);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.scholar-pagination-btn.disabled {
  color: #ccc;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  opacity: 0.6;
}

.scholar-pagination-text {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.scholar-pagination-numbers {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.scholar-pagination-number {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 2.25rem;
  height: 2.25rem;
  padding: 0 0.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  background: white;
  color: var(--scholar-text-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 0.25rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.scholar-pagination-number:hover {
  background: var(--scholar-background-light);
  border-color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
}

.scholar-pagination-number:focus {
  outline: 2px solid var(--scholar-primary-color);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.scholar-pagination-number.current {
  background: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  border-color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  color: white;
  cursor: default;
}

.scholar-pagination-number.current:hover {
  background: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  color: white;
}

.scholar-pagination-ellipsis {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 2.25rem;
  height: 2.25rem;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  padding: 0 0.25rem;
}

/* Pagination loading state */
.scholar-pagination.loading {
  position: relative;
}

.scholar-pagination.loading .scholar-pagination-wrapper {
  opacity: 0.6;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Sort message styling */
.scholar-sort-message {
  background: #e7f3ff;
  border: 1px solid var(--scholar-primary-color);
  border-radius: 0.25rem;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  margin: 1rem 0;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
}

.scholar-sort-message a {
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.scholar-sort-message a:hover {
  color: var(--scholar-primary-hover);
}

/* Metrics - Updated to use card design */
.scholar-metrics {
  /* Uses scholar-card classes */
}

.scholar-metrics-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}

.scholar-metrics-table th,
.scholar-metrics-table td {
  padding: 0.5rem;
  text-align: center;
  border-bottom: 0.063rem solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.scholar-metrics-table th {
  font-weight: normal;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
}

/* Co-authors - Updated to use card design */
.scholar-coauthors {
  /* Uses scholar-card classes */
}

.scholar-coauthor-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
}

.scholar-coauthor {
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-bottom: 0.063rem solid #e8eaed;
}

.scholar-coauthor:first-child {
  padding-top: 0;
}

.scholar-coauthor:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.scholar-coauthor-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 0.938rem;
}

.scholar-coauthor-avatar {
  width: 3.125rem;
  height: 3.125rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.scholar-coauthor-main {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.scholar-coauthor-name {
  display: block;
  color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.scholar-coauthor-name:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.scholar-coauthor-affiliation {
  color: #5f6368;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 64rem) {

  /* 1024px */
  .scholar-profile {
    padding: 1rem;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table {
    display: block;
    overflow-x: auto;
  }

  .publication-info {
    min-width: 18.75rem;
  }

  /* Adjust pagination for tablets */
  .scholar-pagination-wrapper {
    gap: 0.375rem;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-btn {
    padding: 0.375rem 0.625rem;
    min-height: 2rem;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-number {
    min-width: 2rem;
    height: 2rem;
    padding: 0 0.375rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 48rem) {

  /* 768px */
  .scholar-profile {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  /* Card headers responsive */
  .scholar-card-header {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.875rem 1rem;
  }

  .scholar-card-content {
    padding: 1rem;
  }

  /* Profile header responsive */
  .scholar-profile-header {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .scholar-fields {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .scholar-coauthor-header {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  /* Improve sortable headers on mobile */
  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable {
    padding: 0.75rem 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.813rem;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable .sort-arrow {
    font-size: 0.688rem;
    margin-left: 0.125rem;
    min-width: 0.75rem;
  }

  /* Mobile pagination adjustments */
  .scholar-pagination-wrapper {
    gap: 0.25rem;
    justify-content: space-between;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-prev,
  .scholar-pagination-next {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-numbers {
    flex: 1;
    justify-content: center;
    max-width: 60%;
    overflow-x: auto;
    padding: 0 0.5rem;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-btn {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.5rem;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-text {
    display: none;
    /* Hide "Previous"/"Next" text on mobile */
  }

  .scholar-pagination-number {
    min-width: 1.875rem;
    height: 1.875rem;
    font-size: 0.813rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 30rem) {

  /* 480px */
  .scholar-profile {
    padding: 0.75rem;
  }

  /* Card adjustments for small screens */
  .scholar-card {
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  .scholar-card-header {
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  }

  .scholar-card-content {
    padding: 0.875rem 1rem;
  }

  .scholar-card-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .scholar-avatar img {
    width: 6rem;
    height: 6rem;
  }

  .scholar-profile-details h1 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
  }

  .scholar-metrics-table {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
  }

  .scholar-citation-links {
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table th,
  .scholar-publications-table td {
    padding: 0.75rem 0.5rem;
  }

  /* Further optimize sortable headers for small screens */
  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable {
    padding: 0.625rem 0.375rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable .sort-label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.125rem;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable .sort-arrow {
    font-size: 0.625rem;
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-top: 0.125rem;
  }

  /* Compact pagination for very small screens */
  .scholar-pagination-wrapper {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-numbers {
    max-width: 100%;
    order: -1;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-prev,
  .scholar-pagination-next {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .scholar-pagination-text {
    display: inline;
    /* Show text on very small screens for clarity */
  }

  /* Stack publication info vertically on very small screens */
  .scholar-publications-table {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
  }

  .publication-info {
    min-width: auto;
  }
}

/* Print styles */
@media print {
  .scholar-pagination {
    display: none;
  }

  .scholar-sort-message {
    display: none;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable {
    cursor: default;
  }

  .scholar-publications-table th.sortable:hover {
    background: none;
  }
}

/* Enhanced status message styles */
.scholar-error-message,
.scholar-no-data-message,
.scholar-stale-warning {
  margin: 1rem 0;
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  border-radius: 0.375rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.scholar-error-message {
  background: #fef2f2;
  border: 1px solid #fecaca;
  color: #991b1b;
}

.scholar-no-data-message {
  background: #f0f9ff;
  border: 1px solid #bae6fd;
  color: #0c4a6e;
}

.scholar-stale-warning {
  background: #fffbeb;
  border: 1px solid #fed7aa;
  color: #92400e;
}

.scholar-error,
.scholar-info,
.scholar-warning {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.scholar-error-icon,
.scholar-info-icon,
.scholar-warning-icon {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin-top: 0.125rem;
}

.scholar-no-publications {
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-style: italic;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 2rem 1rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  border-radius: 0.375rem;
  background: var(--scholar-background-light);
}

/* Avatar fallback styling */
.scholar-avatar img[style*="display:none"],
.scholar-coauthor-avatar[style*="display:none"] {
  display: none !important;
}

.scholar-avatar:has(img[style*="display:none"]),
.scholar-coauthor-header:has(img[style*="display:none"]) .scholar-coauthor-avatar {
  display: none;
}

/* Fallback for browsers that don't support :has() */
.scholar-avatar-fallback,
.scholar-coauthor-avatar-fallback {
  width: 7.5rem;
  height: 7.5rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--scholar-background-light);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-size: 2rem;
  border: 2px solid var(--scholar-border-color);
}

.scholar-coauthor-avatar-fallback {
  width: 3.125rem;
  height: 3.125rem;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

/* Enhanced error state styling */
.scholar-publications-table tbody:empty::after {
  content: "No publications to display";
  display: block;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 2rem;
  color: var(--scholar-text-secondary);
  font-style: italic;
}

/* Loading state improvements */
.scholar-profile[data-loading="true"] {
  opacity: 0.7;
  pointer-events: none;
  position: relative;
}

.scholar-profile[data-loading="true"]::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: 2rem;
  height: 2rem;
  margin: -1rem 0 0 -1rem;
  border: 3px solid var(--scholar-border-color);
  border-top-color: var(--scholar-primary-color);
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: scholar-spin 1s linear infinite;
  z-index: 1000;
}

@keyframes scholar-spin {
  to {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}

/* Enhanced responsive behavior for status messages */
@media (max-width: 48rem) {

  .scholar-error-message,
  .scholar-no-data-message,
  .scholar-stale-warning {
    margin: 0.75rem 0;
    padding: 0.875rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
  }

  .scholar-error,
  .scholar-info,
  .scholar-warning {
    gap: 0.375rem;
  }

  .scholar-error-icon,
  .scholar-info-icon,
  .scholar-warning-icon {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 30rem) {

  .scholar-error-message,
  .scholar-no-data-message,
  .scholar-stale-warning {
    margin: 0.5rem 0;
    padding: 0.75rem 0.875rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
  }

  .scholar-no-publications {
    padding: 1.5rem 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
  }
}

/* Accessibility improvements */
.scholar-error-message,
.scholar-stale-warning {
  role: alert;
}

.scholar-no-data-message {
  role: status;
}

/* Print styles for status messages */
@media print {
  .scholar-stale-warning {
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    color: #333;
  }

  .scholar-error-message,
  .scholar-no-data-message {
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    color: #333;
  }
}